Disproving a fifty-five year old myth: Chromium the essential element

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dc.contributorBusenlehner, Laura S.
dc.contributorCassady, Carolyn J.
dc.contributorFrantom, Patrick A.
dc.contributorRasco, Jane F.
dc.contributor.advisorVincent, John B.
dc.contributor.authorLove-Rutledge, Sharifa Tahirah
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-01T16:59:35Z
dc.date.available2017-03-01T16:59:35Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.descriptionElectronic Thesis or Dissertationen_US
dc.description.abstractOver fifty years ago chromium was proposed to have an essential biochemical role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, and subsequently its status as an essential element was widely accepted. Unfortunately, these studies confused the pharmacological effects of large, supra-nutritional doses of Cr for nutritional effects. Recent research has firmly established that chromium is not an essential or conditionally essential element for mammals but has effects on insulin sensitivity and cholesterol levels only at pharmacologically relevant doses. However, the mechanism of these effects in rodent models of obesity-associated insulin resistance and type 1 and type 2 diabetes at a molecular level has not been elucidated, although a direct effect on insulin signaling cascade is suggested by current data. This research addresses recent studies that demonstrated that chromium is not essential but pharmacologically active through the use of purified rat diets with varying concentrations of chromium. Urinary chromium excretion in response to an insulin challenge is not a biomarker for Cr status, the effect Cr supplementation on tissue metal concentrations and that Cr is not a conditionally essential element for diabetics as increased Cr urinary excretion in diabetics reflects an increase in absorption using Cr51 tracer studies.en_US
dc.format.extent158 p.
dc.format.mediumelectronic
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.otheru0015_0000001_0001523
dc.identifier.otherLoveRutledge_alatus_0004D_11590
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/1981
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Alabama Libraries
dc.relation.hasversionborn digital
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Electronic Theses and Dissertations
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Libraries Digital Collections
dc.rightsAll rights reserved by the author unless otherwise indicated.en_US
dc.subjectBiochemistry
dc.subjectNutrition
dc.subjectPharmacology
dc.titleDisproving a fifty-five year old myth: Chromium the essential elementen_US
dc.typethesis
dc.typetext
etdms.degree.departmentUniversity of Alabama. Department of Chemistry
etdms.degree.disciplineChemistry
etdms.degree.grantorThe University of Alabama
etdms.degree.leveldoctoral
etdms.degree.namePh.D.
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