Association Between Hormonal Birth Control, Substance Use, and Depression

Newman, Sharlene D.

Association Between Hormonal Birth Control, Substance Use, and Depression

dc.contributor.author	Newman, Sharlene D.
dc.contributor.other	University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.date.accessioned	2023-09-28T20:40:08Z
dc.date.available	2023-09-28T20:40:08Z
dc.date.issued	2022
dc.description.abstract	ObjectiveThe current study examined the impact of the use of hormonal birth control, cannabis (CB), and alcohol on depression symptoms. Study DesignSurvey data from 3,320 college-aged women collected over a 2-year period. Depression symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9. ResultsIndividuals taking hormonal birth control (N = 998; age = 19.1 +/- 1.6 years) had lower overall depression scores than did those not taking birth control (N = 2,322; age = 19.1 +/- 1.8 years) with 15.2% of those not taking hormonal birth control had depressive symptoms while 12.1% of those in the birth control group had depressive symptoms. Additionally, those taking hormonal birth control had higher scores on the alcohol and CB use assessment. A between-subjects ANOVA with depression score as the dependent variable found significant effects hormonal birth control use, CB and alcohol use, as well as a significant interaction between CB use and hormonal birth control use. ConclusionsWhile there are some limitations (e.g., the between subjects design makes it such that there may be uncontrolled differences between groups), the results suggest that hormonal birth control use may help to reduce depressive symptoms. ImplicationsMore studies examining the impact of hormonal birth control and substance use on depression are required. The results suggest a potential interaction between CB and hormonal birth control use on depression symptoms that is not observed for alcohol. This implies that alcohol and CB may be linked to depression via different mechanisms.	en_US
dc.format.medium	electronic
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation	Newman, S. D. (2022). Association Between Hormonal Birth Control, Substance Use, and Depression. In Frontiers in Psychiatry (Vol. 13). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.772412
dc.identifier.doi	10.3389/fpsyt.2022.772412
dc.identifier.uri	https://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/11738
dc.language	English
dc.language.iso	en_US
dc.publisher	Frontiers
dc.rights.license	Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject	depression
dc.subject	birth control
dc.subject	alcohol
dc.subject	cannabis
dc.subject	hormones
dc.subject	ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS
dc.subject	CANNABIS USE
dc.subject	NEUROACTIVE STEROIDS
dc.subject	GENDER-DIFFERENCES
dc.subject	MAJOR DEPRESSION
dc.subject	MENTAL-HEALTH
dc.subject	SEX-DIFFERENCES
dc.subject	PRIME-MD
dc.subject	RECEPTORS
dc.subject	WOMEN
dc.subject	Psychiatry
dc.title	Association Between Hormonal Birth Control, Substance Use, and Depression	en_US
dc.type	Article
dc.type	text