El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Enhances CO2 Exchange Rates in Freshwater Marsh Ecosystems in the Florida Everglades

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dc.contributor.authorMalone, Sparkle L.
dc.contributor.authorStaudhammer, Christina L.
dc.contributor.authorOberbauer, Steven F.
dc.contributor.authorOlivas, Paulo
dc.contributor.authorRyan, Michael G.
dc.contributor.authorSchedlbauer, Jessica L.
dc.contributor.authorLoescher, Henry W.
dc.contributor.authorStarr, Gregory
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.contributor.otherUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
dc.contributor.otherUnited States Forest Service
dc.contributor.otherState University System of Florida
dc.contributor.otherFlorida International University
dc.contributor.otherColorado State University
dc.contributor.otherPennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE)
dc.contributor.otherWest Chester University of Pennsylvania
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Colorado System
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Colorado Boulder
dc.coverage.spatialEverglades (Fla.)
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-30T14:24:51Z
dc.date.available2018-11-30T14:24:51Z
dc.date.issued2014-12-19
dc.description.abstractThis research examines the relationships between El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), water level, precipitation patterns and carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange rates in the freshwater wetland ecosystems of the Florida Everglades. Data was obtained over a 5-year study period (2009-2013) from two freshwater marsh sites located in Everglades National Park that differ in hydrology. At the short-hydroperiod site (Taylor Slough; TS) and the long-hydroperiod site (Shark River Slough; SRS) fluctuations in precipitation patterns occurred with changes in ENSO phase, suggesting that extreme ENSO phases alter Everglades hydrology which is known to have a substantial influence on ecosystem carbon dynamics. Variations in both ENSO phase and annual net CO2 exchange rates co-occurred with changes in wet and dry season length and intensity. Combined with site-specific seasonality in CO2 exchanges rates, El Nino and La Nina phases magnified season intensity and CO2 exchange rates at both sites. At TS, net CO2 uptake rates were higher in the dry season, whereas SRS had greater rates of carbon sequestration during the wet season. As La Nina phases were concurrent with drought years and extended dry seasons, TS became a greater sink for CO2 on an annual basis (-11 to -110 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1)) compared to El Nino and neutral years (-5 to -43.5 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1)). SRS was a small source for CO2 annually (1.81 to 80 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1)) except in one exceptionally wet year that was associated with an El Nino phase (-16 g CO2 m(-2) yr(-1)). Considering that future climate predictions suggest a higher frequency and intensity in El Nino and La Nina phases, these results indicate that changes in extreme ENSO phases will significantly alter CO2 dynamics in the Florida Everglades.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationMalone, S., et al. (2014): El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Enhances CO2 Exchange Rates in Freshwater Marsh Ecosystems in the Florida Everglades. PLoS One, 9(12). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115058
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0115058
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-1076
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2500-6738
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-418X
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-4470
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/5119
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherPLOS
dc.rights.licenseAttribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
dc.subjectCARBON-DIOXIDE
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectPATTERNS
dc.subjectTEMPERATURE
dc.subjectVEGETATION
dc.subjectFREQUENCY
dc.subjectPHENOLOGY
dc.subjectDROUGHT
dc.subjectFORESTS
dc.subjectBALANCE
dc.subjectMultidisciplinary Sciences
dc.subjectScience & Technology - Other Topics
dc.subject.lcshEverglades (Fla.)
dc.subject.lcshFreshwater habitats
dc.subject.lcshEcosystems
dc.subject.lcshEl Niño Current
dc.subject.lcshPhotosynthesis
dc.titleEl Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Enhances CO2 Exchange Rates in Freshwater Marsh Ecosystems in the Florida Evergladesen_US
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dc.typeArticle
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