Electrochromic and photoelectrochromic switching devices based on aryl amine redox chemistry

dc.contributorBakker, Martin G.
dc.contributorHarrell, James W.
dc.contributorPan, Shanlin
dc.contributorShaughnessy, Kevin H.
dc.contributorVaid, Thomas P.
dc.contributor.advisorBlackstock, Silas C.
dc.contributor.authorKelley, Melody
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-01T17:11:33Z
dc.date.available2017-03-01T17:11:33Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.descriptionElectronic Thesis or Dissertationen_US
dc.description.abstractElectrochromic Materials are of interest as fundamental components in smart windows, displays, and fabrics. A new class of organic arylamine molecular electrochromes (both ionic and neutral) has been developed to afford optimal optical and electrochemical switching properties in the absorptive/transmissive electrochromic device state. By controlling the number of redox active units, structuring their internal electronic coupling and alternating the charge state of the electrochrome, a range of optical states are afforded. N, N, N´, N´-Tetraanisyl-1,4- phenylenediame (TAPD) is optimized for use as multi-colored electrochromic molecular dye in the type I (solution) device state. Anionic polyarylamines are prepared and tested in transmissive singular type I electrochromic devices. The application of a small bias (2 V) leads to highly colored stable radical zwitterions. Lack of formal net charge in the oxidized form of the molecule influences its mass transport in the device to yield faster switching times. Devices with these anionic electrochromes also exhibit faster open circuit bleaching kinetics in contrast to neutral devices. In addition to their device studies, stable radical zwitterions have been synthesized (via chemical oxidation), and characterized using cyclic voltammetry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and optical spectroscopy. Information gained from these studies has led to an improved understanding of the rational design of isolable radical zwitterions. The phenomenon of electrochromism is further demonstrated in a novel redox auxiliary (RA) photoelectrochromic switch. An amino substituted norbornadiene (AA-N-Ts) undergoes photochemical rearrangement to its colorless quadricyclane isomer (AA-Q-Ts), which can be reversibly transformed back to the yellow AA-N-Ts upon oxidative catalysis at an electrode in solution. Similarly, amino substituted azobenzene derivatives isomerize between the contracted (cis) form and the expanded (trans) form as a result of photochemical and electrochemical stimuli, respectively. Using the technology of type I electrochromic devices, the photoelectrochromic switching of these systems is demonstrated with large duty cycles (~1000 cycles). The photoelectrochromic device (PECD) also provides an analytical platform for the study of redox auxiliary catalysis. A new photoelectrochromic switching media has been developed for cycling aromatic photoelectrochromic systems. The general utility of this media in the photoelectrochromic cycling redox auxiliary systems is also presented.en_US
dc.format.extent177 p.
dc.format.mediumelectronic
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.otheru0015_0000001_0001713
dc.identifier.otherKelley_alatus_0004D_11852
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/2163
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Alabama Libraries
dc.relation.hasversionborn digital
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Electronic Theses and Dissertations
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Libraries Digital Collections
dc.rightsAll rights reserved by the author unless otherwise indicated.en_US
dc.subjectChemistry
dc.titleElectrochromic and photoelectrochromic switching devices based on aryl amine redox chemistryen_US
dc.typethesis
dc.typetext
etdms.degree.departmentUniversity of Alabama. Department of Chemistry
etdms.degree.disciplineChemistry
etdms.degree.grantorThe University of Alabama
etdms.degree.leveldoctoral
etdms.degree.namePh.D.
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