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A Caged, Destabilized, Free Radical Intermediate in the Q-Cycle

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dc.contributor.authorVennam, Preethi R.
dc.contributor.authorFisher, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorKrzyaniak, Matthew D.
dc.contributor.authorKramer, David M.
dc.contributor.authorBowman, Michael K.
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.contributor.otherMichigan State University
dc.contributor.otherUnited States Department of Energy (DOE)
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-28T19:14:13Z
dc.date.available2023-09-28T19:14:13Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractThe Rieske/cytochrome b complexes, also known as cytochrome bc complexes, catalyze a unique oxidant-induced reduction reaction at their quinol oxidase (Q(o)) sites, in which substrate hydroquinone reduces two distinct electron transfer chains, one through a series of high-potential electron carriers, the second through low-potential cytochrome b. This reaction is a critical step in energy storage by the Q-cycle. The semiquinone intermediate in this reaction can reduce O-2 to produce deleterious superoxide. It is yet unknown how the enzyme controls this reaction, though numerous models have been proposed. In previous work, we trapped a Q-cycle semiquinone anion intermediate, termed SQ(o), in bacterial cytochrome bc(1) by rapid freeze-quenching. In this work, we apply pulsed-EPR techniques to determine the location and properties of SQ(o) in the mitochondrial complex. In contrast to semiquinone inter-mediates in other enzymes, SQ(o) is not thermodynamically stabilized, and can even be destabilized with respect to solution. It is trapped in Q(o) at a site that is distinct from previously described inhibitor-binding sites, yet sufficiently close to cytochrome b(L) to allow rapid electron transfer. The binding site and EPR analyses show that SQ(o) is not stabilized by hydrogen bonds to proteins. The formation of SQ(o) involves "stripping" of both substrate -OH protons during the initial oxidation step, as well as conformational changes of the semiquinone and Q(o) proteins. The resulting charged radical is kinetically trapped, rather than thermodynamically stabilized (as in most enzymatic semiquinone species), conserving redox energy to drive electron transfer to cytochrome b(L) while minimizing certain Q-cycle bypass reactions, including oxidation of prereduced cytochrome b and reduction of O-2.en_US
dc.format.mediumelectronic
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationVennam, P. R., Fisher, N., Krzyaniak, M. D., Kramer, D. M., & Bowman, M. K. (2013). A Caged, Destabilized, Free Radical Intermediate in the Q-Cycle. In ChemBioChem (Vol. 14, Issue 14, pp. 1745–1753). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201300265
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/cbic.201300265
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3464-9409
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-6888
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/11128
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWiley-VCH
dc.subjectbc complex
dc.subjectcomplex III
dc.subjectparamagnetic relaxation enhancement
dc.subjectpulsed EPR
dc.subjectQ-cycle
dc.subjectCYTOCHROME BC(1) COMPLEX
dc.subjectBACTERIAL REACTION CENTERS
dc.subjectIRON-SULFUR PROTEIN
dc.subjectPHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS
dc.subjectQUINOL OXIDATION SITE
dc.subjectQ(O) SITE
dc.subjectELECTRON-TRANSFER
dc.subjectESCHERICHIA-COLI
dc.subjectBC COMPLEXES
dc.subjectUBIQUINOL OXIDATION
dc.subjectBiochemistry & Molecular Biology
dc.subjectChemistry, Medicinal
dc.titleA Caged, Destabilized, Free Radical Intermediate in the Q-Cycleen_US
dc.typeArticle
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