Gravitational bar and spiral arm torques from K(s)-band observations and implications for the pattern speeds

dc.contributor.authorBlock, DL
dc.contributor.authorButa, R
dc.contributor.authorKnapen, JH
dc.contributor.authorElmegreen, DM
dc.contributor.authorElmegreen, BG
dc.contributor.authorPuerari, I
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Witwatersrand
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Hertfordshire
dc.contributor.otherVassar College
dc.contributor.otherInternational Business Machines (IBM)
dc.contributor.otherInstituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-17T13:54:55Z
dc.date.available2019-06-17T13:54:55Z
dc.date.issued2004
dc.description.abstractWe have obtained deep near-infrared K(s)-band William Herschel Telescope observations of a sample of 15 nearby spiral galaxies having a range of Hubble types and apparent bar strengths. The near-infrared light distributions are converted into gravitational potentials, and the maximum relative gravitational torques due to the bars and the spirals are estimated. We find that spiral strength, Q(s), and bar strength, Q(b), correlate well with other measures of spiral arm and bar amplitudes and that spiral and bar strengths also correlate well with each other. We also find a correlation between the position angle of the end of the bar and the position angle of the inner spiral. These correlations suggest that the bars and spirals grow together with the same rates and pattern speeds. We also show that the strongest bars tend to have the most open spiral patterns. Because open spirals imply high disk-to-halo mass ratios, bars and spirals most likely grow together as a combined disk instability. They stop growing for different reasons, however, giving the observed variation in bar-spiral morphologies. Bar growth stops because of saturation when most of the inner disk is in the bar, and spiral growth stops because of increased stability as the gas leaves and the outer disk heats up.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationBlock, D., Buta, R., Knapen, J., Elmegreen, D., Puerari, I. (2004): Gravitational Bar and Spiral Arm Torques from Ks-band Observations and Implications for the Pattern Speeds. The Astronomical Journal, 128(1). DOI: 10.1086/421362
dc.identifier.doi10.1086/421362
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1643-0024
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/5764
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherIOP Publishing
dc.subjectgalaxies : kinematics and dynamics
dc.subjectgalaxies : photometry
dc.subjectgalaxies : spiral
dc.subjectgalaxies : structure
dc.subjectDUST-PENETRATED CLASSIFICATION
dc.subjectGALAXY IC 4214
dc.subjectDISK GALAXIES
dc.subjectSURFACE PHOTOMETRY
dc.subjectRINGED GALAXIES
dc.subjectMORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
dc.subjectDENSITY WAVES
dc.subjectRESONANCE
dc.subjectDYNAMICS
dc.subjectGAS
dc.subjectAstronomy & Astrophysics
dc.titleGravitational bar and spiral arm torques from K(s)-band observations and implications for the pattern speedsen_US
dc.typetext
dc.typeArticle
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