Galaxy Zoo: Morphological Classification of Galaxy Images from the Illustris Simulation

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dc.contributor.authorDickinson, Hugh
dc.contributor.authorFortson, Lucy
dc.contributor.authorLintott, Chris
dc.contributor.authorScarlata, Claudia
dc.contributor.authorWillett, Kyle
dc.contributor.authorBamford, Steven
dc.contributor.authorBeck, Melanie
dc.contributor.authorCardamone, Carolin
dc.contributor.authorGalloway, Melanie
dc.contributor.authorSimmons, Brooke
dc.contributor.authorKeel, William
dc.contributor.authorKruk, Sandor
dc.contributor.authorMasters, Karen
dc.contributor.authorVogelsberger, Mark
dc.contributor.authorTorrey, Paul
dc.contributor.authorSnyder, Gregory F.
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Minnesota System
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Minnesota Twin Cities
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Oxford
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Nottingham
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of California System
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of California San Diego
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Portsmouth
dc.contributor.otherMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
dc.contributor.otherSpace Telescope Science Institute
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-20T20:51:14Z
dc.date.available2018-09-20T20:51:14Z
dc.date.issued2018-02-01
dc.description.abstractModern large-scale cosmological simulations model the universe with increasing sophistication and at higher spatial and temporal resolutions. These ongoing enhancements permit increasingly detailed comparisons between the simulation outputs and real observational data. Recent projects such as Illustris are capable of producing simulated images that are designed to be comparable to those obtained from local surveys. This paper tests the degree to which Illustris achieves this goal across a diverse population of galaxies using visual morphologies derived from Galaxy Zoo citizen scientists. Morphological classifications provided by these volunteers for simulated galaxies are compared with similar data for a compatible sample of images drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Legacy Survey. This paper investigates how simple morphological characterization by human volunteers asked to distinguish smooth from featured systems differs between simulated and real galaxy images. Significant differences are identified, which are most likely due to the limited resolution of the simulation, but which could be revealing real differences in the dynamical evolution of populations of galaxies in the real and model universes. Specifically, for stellar masses M-star less than or similar to 10(11) M-circle dot, a substantially larger proportion of Illustris galaxies that exhibit disk-like morphology or visible substructure, relative to their SDSS counterparts. Toward higher masses, the visual morphologies for simulated and observed galaxies converge and exhibit similar distributions. The stellar mass threshold indicated by this divergent behavior confirms recent works using parametric measures of morphology from Illustris simulated images. When M-star less than or similar to 10(11) M-circle dot, the Illustris data set contains substantially fewer galaxies that classifiers regard as unambiguously featured. In combination, these results suggest that comparison between the detailed properties of observed and simulated galaxies, even when limited to reasonably massive systems, may be misleading.en_US
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationDickinson, H. et al. (2018): Galaxy Zoo: Morphological Classification of Galaxy Images from the Illustris Simulation. The Astrophysical Journal, 853(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa250
dc.identifier.doi10.3847/1538-4357/aaa250
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0846-9578
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-7195
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-3323
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-8558
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-8876
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-8879
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/3918
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherIOP Publishing
dc.rights.licenseAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectcosmology: theory
dc.subjectgalaxies: evolution
dc.subjectgalaxies: fundamental parameters
dc.subjectgalaxies: statistics
dc.subjectgalaxies: structure
dc.subjectDIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY
dc.subjectSTAR-FORMING GALAXIES
dc.subjectHOST GALAXIES
dc.subjectDISC GALAXIES
dc.subjectCOSMIC TIME
dc.subjectBLACK-HOLES
dc.subjectCOSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS
dc.subjectFORMATION PHYSICS
dc.subjectLOW-REDSHIFT
dc.subjectCOLOR
dc.subjectAstronomy & Astrophysics
dc.titleGalaxy Zoo: Morphological Classification of Galaxy Images from the Illustris Simulationen_US
dc.typetext
dc.typeArticle
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