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Experimental Investigation on CO2 Capture Technologies Under Microwave-Based Regeneration Conditions

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dc.contributorErguvan, Mustafa
dc.contributorSrinivasan, Kalyan
dc.contributorBittle, Joshua
dc.contributorHarris, James
dc.contributor.advisorAmini, Shahriar
dc.contributor.authorBoylu, Rahim
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-10T16:32:04Z
dc.date.available2030-05-29
dc.date.issued2025
dc.descriptionElectronic Thesis or Dissertationen_US
dc.description.abstractIn the United States (US), most (around 74%) human-caused greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions come from burning fossil fuels – coal, natural gas, and petroleum – for energy use. Today, burning fossil fuels accounted for 93% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. CO2 sources from other anthropogenic sources and activities were about 6% of total GHG emissions and 7% of total CO2 emissions. Economic growth and weather patterns that affect heating and cooling needs are the main factors that drive the amount of energy consumed. CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is a way of mitigating the contribution of fossil fuel emissions by capturing and subsequently storing the CO2. In 2015, countries agreed to limit warming – caused by such emissions – to below 2 °C and aim for 1.5 °C. According to International Energy Agency, CCS should contribute around 15% of effort in the pursuit of net-zero emissions by 2070. Various methods, such as temperature swing adsorption and pressure swing adsorption, have been used for CO2 regeneration. However, these approaches often struggle with challenges related to energy consumption and capital costs. In contrast, microwave heating-based CO2 capture technology emerges as a potential alternative, offering lower energy consumption and reduced costs.This study explores the necessity of CO2 capture and direct air capture (DAC) technologies, emphasizing their energy demands and heat transfer limitations using zeolite 13X as sorbent. Given these challenges, microwave-based heating emerges as a promising alternative due to its inherent advantages such as rapid and volumetric heating ability, which contributes to achieving homogeneous heat distribution. Experimental investigations were conducted at the Decarbonization Lab at the University of Alabama to evaluate microwave-assisted post-combustion CO2 capture and DAC under either dry or humid conditions. This study presents how the negative impact of humidity on zeolite 13X adsorption performance can be mitigated, ultimately enhancing its effectiveness in humid conditions. Experimental strategies in a fluidized bed reactor demonstrate that humidity effects can be mitigated through microwave-assisted direct air capture. The findings indicate that microwave-based CO2 capture enables lower energy consumption while achieving complete CO2 regeneration, even at low temperatures, positioning it as a viable alternative for sustainable carbon capture.en_US
dc.format.mediumelectronic
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.other1142429
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/16680
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Alabama Libraries
dc.relation.hasversionborn digital
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Electronic Theses and Dissertations
dc.relation.ispartofThe University of Alabama Libraries Digital Collections
dc.rightsAll rights reserved by the author unless otherwise indicated.en_US
dc.subjectBreakthrough Analysis
dc.subjectCarbon Capture
dc.subjectDirect Air Capture
dc.subjectMicrowave Heating
dc.subjectRoll-up Effect
dc.subjectZeolite 13X
dc.titleExperimental Investigation on CO2 Capture Technologies Under Microwave-Based Regeneration Conditionsen_US
dc.typethesis
dc.typetext
etdms.degree.departmentUniversity of Alabama. Department of Mechanical Engineering
etdms.degree.disciplineMechanical engineering
etdms.degree.grantorThe University of Alabama
etdms.degree.leveldoctoral
etdms.degree.namePh.D.

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