Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet radiation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil

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dc.contributor.authorTarrant, A. M.
dc.contributor.authorReitzel, A. M.
dc.contributor.authorKwok, C. K.
dc.contributor.authorJenny, M. J.
dc.contributor.otherWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of North Carolina
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of North Carolina Charlotte
dc.contributor.otherChinese University of Hong Kong
dc.contributor.otherUniversity of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-29T12:44:55Z
dc.date.available2023-09-29T12:44:55Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractOrganisms are continuously exposed to reactive chemicals capable of causing oxidative stress and cellular damage. Antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutases (SODs) and catalases, are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and provide an important means of neutralizing such oxidants. Studies in cnidarians have previously documented the occurrence of antioxidant enzymes (transcript expression, protein expression and/or enzymatic activity), but most of these studies have not been conducted in species with sequenced genomes or included phylogenetic analyses, making it difficult to compare results across species due to uncertainties in the relationships between genes. Through searches of the genome of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis Stephenson, one catalase gene and six SOD family members were identified, including three copper/zinc-containing SODs (CuZnSODs), two manganese-containing SODs (MnSODs) and one copper chaperone of SOD (CCS). In 24 h acute toxicity tests, juvenile N. vectensis showed enhanced sensitivity to combinations of ultraviolet radiation (UV) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, specifically pyrene, benzo[ a] pyrene and fluoranthene) relative to either stressor alone. Adult N. vectensis exhibited little or no mortality following UV, benzo[ a] pyrene or crude oil exposure but exhibited changes in gene expression. Antioxidant enzyme transcripts were both upregulated and downregulated following UV and/or chemical exposure. Expression patterns were most strongly affected by UV exposure but varied between experiments, suggesting that responses vary according to the intensity and duration of exposure. These experiments provide a basis for comparison with other cnidarian taxa and for further studies of the oxidative stress response in N. vectensis.en_US
dc.format.mediumelectronic
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationTarrant, A. M., Reitzel, A. M., Kwok, C. K., & Jenny, M. J. (2014). Activation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet light, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oil. The Journal of Experimental Biology. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.093690
dc.identifier.doi10.1242/jeb.093690
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5734-7118
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-7899
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1834-2629
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/12350
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherCompany of Biologists
dc.subjectCnidarian
dc.subjectPhototoxicity
dc.subjectPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
dc.subjectSuperoxide dismutase
dc.subjectCORAL MONTASTRAEA-FAVEOLATA
dc.subjectSUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE 1
dc.subjectSEA-ANEMONE
dc.subjectMOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION
dc.subjectNEMATOSTELLA-VECTENSIS
dc.subjectDIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE
dc.subjectCOPPER CHAPERONE
dc.subjectCELL-DEATH
dc.subjectFUEL-OIL
dc.subjectPHOTOTOXICITY
dc.subjectBiology
dc.titleActivation of the cnidarian oxidative stress response by ultraviolet radiation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and crude oilen_US
dc.typeArticle
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