Studies of azimuthal dihadron correlations in ultra-central PbPb collisions at √s_NN =2.76 TeV

Abstract

Azimuthal dihadron correlations of charged particles have been measured in PbPb collisions at\(\sqrt{{{s_{NN }}}}\) = 2.76TeV by the CMS collaboration, using data from the 2011 LHC heavy-ion run. The data set includes a sample of ultra-central (0-0.2% centrality) PbPb events collected using a trigger based on total transverse energy in the hadron forward calorimeters and the total multiplicity of pixel clusters in the silicon pixel tracker. A total of about 1.8 million ultra-central events were recorded, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 120 μb⁻¹. The observed correlations in ultra-central PbPb events are expected to be particularly sensitive to initial-state fluctuations. The single-particle anisotropy Fourier harmonics, from \(v_2\) to \(v_6\), are extracted as a function of particle transverse momentum. At higher transverse momentum, the \(v_2\) harmonic becomes significantly smaller than the higher-order \(v_n ( n ≥ 3)\). The \(p_T\)-averaged \(v_2\) and \(v_3\) are found to be equal within 2%, while higher-order \(v_n\) decrease as \(n\) increases. The breakdown of factorization of dihadron correlations into single-particle azimuthal anisotropies is observed. This effect is found to be most prominent in the ultra-central PbPb collisions, where the initial-state fluctuations play a dominant role. A comparison of the factorization data to hydrodynamic predictions with event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions is also presented.