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Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10(18) eV

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dc.contributor.author Abraham, J.
dc.contributor.author Abreu, P.
dc.contributor.author Aglietta, M.
dc.contributor.author Ahn, E. J.
dc.contributor.author Allard, D.
dc.contributor.author Allekotte, I.
dc.contributor.author Allen, J.
dc.contributor.author Alvarez-Muniz, J.
dc.contributor.author Ambrosio, M.
dc.contributor.author Anchordoqui, L.
dc.contributor.author Andringa, S.
dc.contributor.author Anticic, T.
dc.contributor.author Anzalone, A.
dc.contributor.author Aramo, C.
dc.contributor.author Arganda, E.
dc.contributor.author Arisaka, K.
dc.contributor.author Arqueros, F.
dc.contributor.author Asorey, H.
dc.contributor.author Assis, P.
dc.contributor.author Aublin, J.
dc.contributor.author Ave, M.
dc.contributor.author Avila, G.
dc.contributor.author Baecker, T.
dc.contributor.author Badagnani, D.
dc.contributor.author Balzer, M.
dc.contributor.author Barber, K. B.
dc.contributor.author Barbosa, A. F.
dc.contributor.author Barroso, S. L. C.
dc.contributor.author Baughman, B.
dc.contributor.author Bauleo, P.
dc.contributor.author Beatty, J. J.
dc.contributor.author Becker, B. R.
dc.contributor.author Becker, K. H.
dc.contributor.author Belletoile, A.
dc.contributor.author Bellido, J. A.
dc.contributor.author BenZvi, S.
dc.contributor.author Berat, C.
dc.contributor.author Bergmann, T.
dc.contributor.author Bertou, X.
dc.contributor.author Biermann, P. L.
dc.contributor.author Billoir, P.
dc.contributor.author Blanch-Bigas, O.
dc.contributor.author Blanco, F.
dc.contributor.author Blanco, M.
dc.contributor.author Bleve, C.
dc.contributor.author Bluemer, H.
dc.contributor.author Bohacova, M.
dc.contributor.author Boncioli, D.
dc.contributor.author Bonifazi, C.
dc.contributor.author Bonino, R.
dc.contributor.author Borodai, N.
dc.contributor.author Brack, J.
dc.contributor.author Brogueira, P.
dc.contributor.author Brown, W. C.
dc.contributor.author Bruijn, R.
dc.contributor.author Buchholz, P.
dc.contributor.author Bueno, A.
dc.contributor.author Burton, R. E.
dc.contributor.author Busca, N. G.
dc.contributor.author Caballero-Mora, K. S.
dc.contributor.author Caramete, L.
dc.contributor.author Caruso, R.
dc.contributor.author Castellina, A.
dc.contributor.author Catalano, O.
dc.contributor.author Cataldi, G.
dc.contributor.author Cazon, L.
dc.contributor.author Cester, R.
dc.contributor.author Chauvin, J.
dc.contributor.author Chiavassa, A.
dc.contributor.author Chinellato, J. A.
dc.contributor.author Chou, A.
dc.contributor.author Chudoba, J.
dc.contributor.author Clay, R. W.
dc.contributor.author Colombo, E.
dc.contributor.author Coluccia, M. R.
dc.contributor.author Conceicao, R.
dc.contributor.author Contreras, F.
dc.contributor.author Cook, H.
dc.contributor.author Cooper, M. J.
dc.contributor.author Coppens, J.
dc.contributor.author Cordier, A.
dc.contributor.author Cotti, U.
dc.contributor.author Coutu, S.
dc.contributor.author Covault, C. E.
dc.contributor.author Creusot, A.
dc.contributor.author Criss, A.
dc.contributor.author Cronin, J.
dc.contributor.author Curutiu, A.
dc.contributor.author Dagoret-Campagne, S.
dc.contributor.author Dallier, R.
dc.contributor.author Daumiller, K.
dc.contributor.author Dawson, B. R.
dc.contributor.author de Almeida, R. M.
dc.contributor.author De Domenico, M.
dc.contributor.author De Donato, C.
dc.contributor.author de Jong, S. J.
dc.contributor.author De la Vega, G.
dc.contributor.author de Mello Junior, W. J. M.
dc.contributor.author de Mello Neto, J. R. T.
dc.contributor.author De Mitri, I.
dc.contributor.author de Souza, V.
dc.contributor.author de Vries, K. D.
dc.contributor.author Decerprit, G.
dc.contributor.author del Peral, L.
dc.contributor.author Deligny, O.
dc.contributor.author Della Selva, A.
dc.contributor.author Delle Fratte, C.
dc.contributor.author Dembinski, H.
dc.contributor.author Di Giulio, C.
dc.contributor.author Diaz, J. C.
dc.contributor.author Diaz Castro, M. L.
dc.contributor.author Diep, P. N.
dc.contributor.author Dobrigkeit, C.
dc.contributor.author D'Olivo, J. C.
dc.contributor.author Dong, P. N.
dc.contributor.author Dorofeev, A.
dc.contributor.author dos Anjos, J. C.
dc.contributor.author Dova, M. T.
dc.contributor.author D'Urso, D.
dc.contributor.author Dutan, I.
dc.contributor.author DuVernois, M. A.
dc.contributor.author Ebr, J.
dc.contributor.author Engel, R.
dc.contributor.author Erdmann, M.
dc.contributor.author Escobar, C. O.
dc.contributor.author Etchegoyen, A.
dc.contributor.author Facal San Luis, P.
dc.contributor.author Falcke, H.
dc.contributor.author Farrar, G.
dc.contributor.author Fauth, A. C.
dc.contributor.author Fazzini, N.
dc.contributor.author Ferrero, A.
dc.contributor.author Fick, B.
dc.contributor.author Filevich, A.
dc.contributor.author Filipcic, A.
dc.contributor.author Fleck, I.
dc.contributor.author Fliescher, S.
dc.contributor.author Fracchiolla, C. E.
dc.contributor.author Fraenkel, E. D.
dc.contributor.author Froehlich, U.
dc.contributor.author Fulgione, W.
dc.contributor.author Gamarra, R. F.
dc.contributor.author Gambetta, S.
dc.contributor.author Garcia, B.
dc.contributor.author Garcia Gamez, D.
dc.contributor.author Garcia-Pinto, D.
dc.contributor.author Garrido, X.
dc.contributor.author Gelmini, G.
dc.contributor.author Gemmeke, H.
dc.contributor.author Ghia, P. L.
dc.contributor.author Giaccari, U.
dc.contributor.author Giller, M.
dc.contributor.author Glass, H.
dc.contributor.author Goggin, L. M.
dc.contributor.author Gold, M. S.
dc.contributor.author Golup, G.
dc.contributor.author Gomez Albarracin, F.
dc.contributor.author Gomez Berisso, M.
dc.contributor.author Goncalves, P.
dc.contributor.author Gonzalez, D.
dc.contributor.author Gonzalez, J. G.
dc.contributor.author Gora, D.
dc.contributor.author Gorgi, A.
dc.contributor.author Gouffon, P.
dc.contributor.author Gozzini, S. R.
dc.contributor.author Grashorn, E.
dc.contributor.author Grebe, S.
dc.contributor.author Grigat, M.
dc.contributor.author Grillo, A. F.
dc.contributor.author Guardincerri, Y.
dc.contributor.author Guarino, F.
dc.contributor.author Guedes, G. P.
dc.contributor.author Hague, J. D.
dc.contributor.author Halenka, V.
dc.contributor.author Hansen, P.
dc.contributor.author Harari, D.
dc.contributor.author Harmsma, S.
dc.contributor.author Harton, J. L.
dc.contributor.author Haungs, A.
dc.contributor.author Hebbeker, T.
dc.contributor.author Heck, D.
dc.contributor.author Herve, A. E.
dc.contributor.author Hojvat, C.
dc.contributor.author Holmes, V. C.
dc.contributor.author Homola, P.
dc.contributor.author Horandel, J. R.
dc.contributor.author Horneffer, A.
dc.contributor.author Hrabovsky, M.
dc.contributor.author Huege, T.
dc.contributor.author Hussain, M.
dc.contributor.author Iarlori, M.
dc.contributor.author Insolia, A.
dc.contributor.author Ionita, F.
dc.contributor.author Italiano, A.
dc.contributor.author Jiraskova, S.
dc.contributor.author Kadija, K.
dc.contributor.author Kaducak, M.
dc.contributor.author Kampert, K. H.
dc.contributor.author Karova, T.
dc.contributor.author Kasper, P.
dc.contributor.author Kegl, B.
dc.contributor.author Keilhauer, B.
dc.contributor.author Keivani, A.
dc.contributor.author Kelley, J.
dc.contributor.author Kemp, E.
dc.contributor.author Kieckhafer, R. M.
dc.contributor.author Klages, H. O.
dc.contributor.author Kleifges, M.
dc.contributor.author Kleinfeller, J.
dc.contributor.author Knapik, R.
dc.contributor.author Knapp, J.
dc.contributor.author Koang, D. -H.
dc.contributor.author Krieger, A.
dc.contributor.author Kroemer, O.
dc.contributor.author Kruppke-Hansen, D.
dc.contributor.author Kuehn, F.
dc.contributor.author Kuempel, D.
dc.contributor.author Kulbartz, K.
dc.contributor.author Kunka, N.
dc.contributor.author Kusenko, A.
dc.contributor.author La Rosa, G.
dc.contributor.author Lachaud, C.
dc.contributor.author Lago, B. L.
dc.contributor.author Lautridou, P.
dc.contributor.author Leao, M. S. A. B.
dc.contributor.author Lebrun, D.
dc.contributor.author Lebrun, P.
dc.contributor.author Lee, J.
dc.contributor.author Leigui de Oliveira, M. A.
dc.contributor.author Lemiere, A.
dc.contributor.author Letessier-Selvon, A.
dc.contributor.author Lhenry-Yvon, I.
dc.contributor.author Lopez, R.
dc.contributor.author Lopez Agueera, A.
dc.contributor.author Louedec, K.
dc.contributor.author Lozano Bahilo, J.
dc.contributor.author Lucero, A.
dc.contributor.author Ludwig, M.
dc.contributor.author Lyberis, H.
dc.contributor.author Maccarone, M. C.
dc.contributor.author Macolino, C.
dc.contributor.author Maldera, S.
dc.contributor.author Mandat, D.
dc.contributor.author Mantsch, P.
dc.contributor.author Mariazzi, A. G.
dc.contributor.author Marin, V.
dc.contributor.author Maris, I. C.
dc.contributor.author Marquez Falcon, H. R.
dc.contributor.author Marsella, G.
dc.contributor.author Martello, D.
dc.contributor.author Martinez Bravo, O.
dc.contributor.author Mathes, H. J.
dc.contributor.author Matthews, J.
dc.contributor.author Matthews, J. A. J.
dc.contributor.author Matthiae, G.
dc.contributor.author Maurizio, D.
dc.contributor.author Mazur, P. O.
dc.contributor.author McEwen, M.
dc.contributor.author Medina-Tanco, G.
dc.contributor.author Melissas, M.
dc.contributor.author Melo, D.
dc.contributor.author Menichetti, E.
dc.contributor.author Menshikov, A.
dc.contributor.author Meurer, C.
dc.contributor.author Micanovic, S.
dc.contributor.author Micheletti, M. I.
dc.contributor.author Miller, W.
dc.contributor.author Miramonti, L.
dc.contributor.author Mollerach, S.
dc.contributor.author Monasor, M.
dc.contributor.author Ragaigne, D. Monnier
dc.contributor.author Montanet, F.
dc.contributor.author Morales, B.
dc.contributor.author Morello, C.
dc.contributor.author Moreno, E.
dc.contributor.author Moreno, J. C.
dc.contributor.author Morris, C.
dc.contributor.author Mostafa, M.
dc.contributor.author Mueller, S.
dc.contributor.author Muller, M. A.
dc.contributor.author Mussa, R.
dc.contributor.author Navarra, G.
dc.contributor.author Navarro, J. L.
dc.contributor.author Navas, S.
dc.contributor.author Necesal, P.
dc.contributor.author Nellen, L.
dc.contributor.author Nhung, P. T.
dc.contributor.author Nierstenhoefer, N.
dc.contributor.author Nitz, D.
dc.contributor.author Nosek, D.
dc.contributor.author Nozka, L.
dc.contributor.author Nyklicek, M.
dc.contributor.author Oehlschlaeger, J.
dc.contributor.author Olinto, A.
dc.contributor.author Oliva, P.
dc.contributor.author Olmos-Gilbaja, V. M.
dc.contributor.author Ortiz, M.
dc.contributor.author Pacheco, N.
dc.contributor.author Pakk Selmi-Dei, D.
dc.contributor.author Palatka, M.
dc.contributor.author Pallotta, J.
dc.contributor.author Palmieri, N.
dc.contributor.author Parente, G.
dc.contributor.author Parizot, E.
dc.contributor.author Parlati, S.
dc.contributor.author Parra, A.
dc.contributor.author Parrisius, J.
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dc.contributor.author Pastor, S.
dc.contributor.author Paul, T.
dc.contributor.author Pavlidou, V.
dc.contributor.author Payet, K.
dc.contributor.author Pech, M.
dc.contributor.author Pekala, J.
dc.contributor.author Pelayo, R.
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dc.contributor.author Perrone, L.
dc.contributor.author Pesce, R.
dc.contributor.author Petermann, E.
dc.contributor.author Petrera, S.
dc.contributor.author Petrinca, P.
dc.contributor.author Petrolini, A.
dc.contributor.author Petrov, Y.
dc.contributor.author Petrovic, J.
dc.contributor.author Pfendner, C.
dc.contributor.author Piegaia, R.
dc.contributor.author Pierog, T.
dc.contributor.author Pimenta, M.
dc.contributor.author Pirronello, V.
dc.contributor.author Platino, M.
dc.contributor.author Ponce, V. H.
dc.contributor.author Pontz, M.
dc.contributor.author Privitera, P.
dc.contributor.author Prouza, M.
dc.contributor.author Quel, E. J.
dc.contributor.author Rautenberg, J.
dc.contributor.author Ravel, O.
dc.contributor.author Ravignani, D.
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dc.contributor.author Rodriguez, G.
dc.contributor.author Rodriguez Martino, J.
dc.contributor.author Rodriguez Rojo, J.
dc.contributor.author Rodriguez-Cabo, I.
dc.contributor.author Rodriguez-Frias, M. D.
dc.contributor.author Ros, G.
dc.contributor.author Rosado, J.
dc.contributor.author Rossler, T.
dc.contributor.author Roth, M.
dc.contributor.author Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B.
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dc.contributor.author Santo, C. E.
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dc.contributor.author Santos, E. M.
dc.contributor.author Sarazin, F.
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dc.contributor.author Schieler, H.
dc.contributor.author Schiffer, P.
dc.contributor.author Schmidt, A.
dc.contributor.author Schmidt, F.
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dc.contributor.author Scholten, O.
dc.contributor.author Schoorlemmer, H.
dc.contributor.author Schovancova, J.
dc.contributor.author Schovanek, P.
dc.contributor.author Schroeder, F.
dc.contributor.author Schulte, S.
dc.contributor.author Schuessler, F.
dc.contributor.author Schuster, D.
dc.contributor.author Sciutto, S. J.
dc.contributor.author Scuderi, M.
dc.contributor.author Segreto, A.
dc.contributor.author Semikoz, D.
dc.contributor.author Settimo, M.
dc.contributor.author Shadkam, A.
dc.contributor.author Shellard, R. C.
dc.contributor.author Sidelnik, I.
dc.contributor.author Siffert, B. B.
dc.contributor.author Sigl, G.
dc.contributor.author Smialkowski, A.
dc.contributor.author Smida, R.
dc.contributor.author Snow, G. R.
dc.contributor.author Sommers, P.
dc.contributor.author Sorokin, J.
dc.contributor.author Spinka, H.
dc.contributor.author Squartini, R.
dc.contributor.author Stasielak, J.
dc.contributor.author Stephan, M.
dc.contributor.author Strazzeri, E.
dc.contributor.author Stutz, A.
dc.contributor.author Suarez, F.
dc.contributor.author Suomijarvi, T.
dc.contributor.author Supanitsky, A. D.
dc.contributor.author Susa, T.
dc.contributor.author Sutherland, M. S.
dc.contributor.author Swain, J.
dc.contributor.author Szadkowski, Z.
dc.contributor.author Tamashiro, A.
dc.contributor.author Tamburro, A.
dc.contributor.author Tapia, A.
dc.contributor.author Tarutina, T.
dc.contributor.author Tascau, O.
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dc.contributor.author Tcherniakhovski, D.
dc.contributor.author Tegolo, D.
dc.contributor.author Thao, N. T.
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dc.contributor.author Tkaczyk, W.
dc.contributor.author Todero Peixoto, C. J.
dc.contributor.author Tome, B.
dc.contributor.author Tonachini, A.
dc.contributor.author Travnicek, P.
dc.contributor.author Tridapalli, D. B.
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dc.contributor.author Tueros, M.
dc.contributor.author Ulrich, R.
dc.contributor.author Unger, M.
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dc.contributor.author Valdes Galicia, J. F.
dc.contributor.author Valino, I.
dc.contributor.author Valore, L.
dc.contributor.author van den Berg, A. M.
dc.contributor.author Vazquez, J. R.
dc.contributor.author Vazquez, R. A.
dc.contributor.author Veberic, D.
dc.contributor.author Venters, T.
dc.contributor.author Verzi, V.
dc.contributor.author Videla, M.
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dc.contributor.author Wahlberg, H.
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dc.contributor.author Wainberg, O.
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dc.contributor.author Westerhoff, S.
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dc.contributor.author Wundheiler, B.
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dc.contributor.author Younk, P.
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dc.contributor.author Zavrtanik, M.
dc.contributor.author Zaw, I.
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dc.contributor.author Ziolkowski, M.
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dc.contributor.other Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
dc.contributor.other CSIC - Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC)
dc.contributor.other University of Valencia
dc.contributor.other Northeastern University
dc.contributor.other California Institute of Technology
dc.contributor.other Universidade Federal da Bahia
dc.contributor.other University of Nebraska System
dc.contributor.other University of Nebraska Lincoln
dc.contributor.other Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio (IAFE)
dc.contributor.other Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica
dc.contributor.other Colorado School of Mines
dc.contributor.other University of Oxford
dc.contributor.other Argonne National Laboratory
dc.contributor.other University of Palermo
dc.contributor.other Konan University
dc.contributor.other CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional
dc.contributor.other Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico
dc.contributor.other University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
dc.date.accessioned 2019-07-03T13:39:56Z
dc.date.available 2019-07-03T13:39:56Z
dc.date.issued 2010-03-01
dc.identifier.citation Abraham, J., et al. (2010): Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10¹⁸ eV. Physical Review Letters, 104(9). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101
dc.identifier.uri http://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/5887
dc.description.abstract We describe the measurement of the depth of maximum, X-max, of the longitudinal development of air showers induced by cosmic rays. Almost 4000 events above 10(18) eV observed by the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory in coincidence with at least one surface detector station are selected for the analysis. The average shower maximum was found to evolve with energy at a rate of (106 +/- 35-21) g/cm(2)/decade below 10(18.24) +/- (0.05) eV, and d24 +/- 3 g/cm(2)/ecade above this energy. The measured shower-to-shower fluctuations decrease from about 55 to 26 g/cm(2). The interpretation of these results in terms of the cosmic ray mass composition is briefly discussed. en_US
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.language English
dc.language.iso en_US
dc.publisher American Physical Society
dc.subject COSMIC-RAYS
dc.subject FLUORESCENCE LIGHT
dc.subject RESOLUTION
dc.subject Physics, Multidisciplinary
dc.subject Physics
dc.title Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10(18) eV en_US
dc.type text
dc.type Article
dc.identifier.doi 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.091101
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