Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) use with hospice patients

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Introduction: Hospitalized hospice patients continue to struggle with comfort at the end of life. This project provided nurses education on use of the Pain Assessment in Dementia scale (PAINAD) for better identification of non-verbal pain symptoms in hospice patients. This project also elicited feedback on ease of basic understanding of the PAINAD scale, use with the PAINAD scale, any perceivable time constraints associated with using this tool. One of the other goals was to determine if the PAINAD scale was a feasible option as a standardized observational tool in this patient population. By providing proper education on the PAINAD scale to the nurses, hospice patients can achieve greater comfort at death.Methods: This was a quality improvement project. An educational in-service was provided to registered nurses in the hospital setting to elicit feedback on basic understanding of the PAINAD scale, ease of use, anytime constraints, and their opinion on whether using the PAINAD scale as a standardized observational tool was a feasible option for hospice patients. This was conducted at UH Hospital, Parma, Ohio over a five-day period. After the implementation phase, a post-intervention survey containing eight questions was sent via UH RedCap, secure data site. Results: Of the 20 nurses who participated, 48% reported never receiving education on how to assess for non-verbal signs of pain in hospice patients. Following the educational in-service, 90% of participants reported increased knowledge on how to use the PAINAD scale and 81% recommended use with hospice patients.Only 10% of nurses perceived use of the PAINAD scale would increase assessment burden. Discussion: Hospice patients are frequently under-medicated at the end-of-life. By providing proper education on the PAINAD scale to nurses that routinely provide hospice care, they may be better equipped to identify non-verbal signs of pain in this patient population. This gap in care has not been specifically addressed in the literature in relation to hospice patients. This project focused on education and feedback from the nurses on ease of use, any time constraints when using the PAINAD scale, and the feasibility of use of the PAINAD scale with hospice patients. Findings support implementation of the PAINAD scale for hospice patients as a standardized observational tool to improve pain management in dying patients.

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DNP Project
Keywords
Dementia, Pain, Hospices
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