Research and Publications - Department of Psychology

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    Spreading Pride in All Who Served: A Health Education Program to Improve Access and Mental Health Outcomes for Sexual and Gender Minority Veterans
    (American Psychological Association, 2022) Hilgeman, Michelle M.; Lange, Tiffany M.; Bishop, Teddy; Cramer, Robert J.; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Alabama Birmingham; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte
    Access to effective, replicable services is critical to reduce known mental health disparities for sexual and gender minority or LGBTQ+ veterans (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and related identities). This paper examines the impact of a manualized 10-week health education group, called PRIDE in All Who Served on veteran patient experience, protective factors (e.g., identity acceptance), and mental health outcomes (e.g., suicide risk) at 10 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities. Implementation facilitation strategies (e.g., consultation, staff training) supported adoption at new sites and initial facilitators and barriers are described. Forty-four veterans (M = 47.21 years old) completed outcome surveys before and after the group. Significant improvement in acceptance concerns, identity uncertainty, community involvement, and likelihood of future suicide attempts were observed; other changes in mental health symptoms were not replicated in this sample (e.g., depression, anxiety). Open-ended veteran feedback reflected improved social support and engagement and increased self-understanding as the most frequent themes. At the facility level, Healthcare Equality Index scores (a Human Rights Campaign measure of affirmative care climate) improved from 30% to 90% achieving top-performer/leader status from pre- to postimplementation. Manualized approaches, like PRIDE in All Who Served, that are based on established minority stress models and can be spread for use with diverse LGBTQ+ veterans (e.g., age, race, gender identity, sexual orientation, rurality, housing) are needed. The PRIDE in All Who Served program is an increasingly available resource to VA clinicians advocating for greater health equity within a national healthcare setting. Impact Statement LGBTQ+ veterans are at risk for health disparities that can be addressed, in part, by improving access to services in an affirming environment. PRIDE in All Who Served is the first standardized health education group for veterans that improves identity-related acceptance, community involvement, engagement and social support, and reduces suicide risk. Tailored health education groups like this one could become an essential tool for providers focused on reducing health disparities.