Browsing by Author "Kana, Rajesh K"

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    Momentary Pain-Affect Associations and Moderating Stressful Life Events As Predictors of Global Depression in Osteoarthritis
    (University of Alabama Libraries, 2023) Behrens, Emily; Parmelee, Patricia A
    Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitation, is prevalent among middle-aged and older adults. In addition to physical symptoms, there is a well-documented association between OA and depression. One important avenue of research is identifying modifiable factors contributing to the OA-depression link. Informed by previous research establishing stress as one such factor, this secondary data analysis utilized experience sampling to investigate the impact of stressful experiences on relationships between momentary pain and affect and global depression. Pain and momentary affect levels of 326 older adults with knee OA were collected through phone calls four times daily over a seven-day period. Data for current depression symptoms and the experience and severity of stressful events over the past year were collected in a baseline interview. Participants repeated this protocol one year later. Data from Time 2 was utilized to assess change in depression severity. Experiencing more stressful life events over the past year strengthened the relationship between momentary pain and negative affect but not the pain-positive affect association; this momentary pain-negative affect relationship predicted concurrent depression. The cross-sectional relationship between momentary pain and positive affect was significant. In longitudinal analyses, momentary measures did not predict a change in depression severity over the next year. However, a crossover interaction showed that stronger associations between momentary pain and negative affect place individuals who reported more severe life event stress at risk for increased depression severity. Analyses informed by the Dynamic Model of Affect showed a moderating effect of stressful events on the inverse relationship between positive and negative affect, such that having more stressful experiences weakens this relationship. Results highlight the complexities of how previous stressful events can impact the moment-to-moment experiences of individuals with OA. Clinical implications and future directions for research are discussed