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Browsing by Author "Chiriboga, David A."

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    Limited English Proficiency and Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Among Mexican American Older Adults
    (Oxford University Press, 2019) Kim, Giyeon; Kim, Minjung; Park, Soohyun; Jimenez, Daniel E.; Chiriboga, David A.; Chung Ang University; Ohio State University; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Miami; University of South Florida
    Background and Objectives: This study examined the effect of limited English proficiency (LEP) on trajectories of depressive symptoms among Mexican American older adults in the United States. Research Design and Methods: The sample was drawn from Waves 1 to 6 (1993-2007) of the Hispanic Established Population for Epidemiological Studies of the Elderly (H-EPESE). A total of 2,945 Mexican American older adults were included in the analyses. A latent growth curve modeling was conducted. Results: After adjusting for covariates, results show that Mexican American older adults with LEP had higher levels of depressive symptoms than those with English proficiency (EP) at baseline as well as over a 14-year period. Differential trajectories were observed between those with LEP and EP over time, indicating that those with LEP had a significantly steeper curve of depressive symptom trajectories over time than those with EP. Discussion and Implications: These results suggest that LEP is a risk factor not merely for greater depressive symptomatology at each time point, but for an accelerated trajectory of depressive symptoms over time among Mexican American older adults. Overall, the findings emphasize the need to assist not only the informal support system of Mexican American older adults with LEP, but also the formal system.
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    Recalled Attributes of Parents with Alzheimer’s Disease: Relevance of Caregiving
    (2014) Chiriboga, David A.; Jang, Yuri; Molinari, Victor; Kim, Giyeon; Ko, Jung Eun; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
    Health psychology has long been involved in studies of factors that lead to more effective caregiving. Drawing on the theory of distributive justice, the underlying hypothesis of this paper was that perceptions of what a demented parent was like, prior to becoming ill, influence an adult child caregiver’s provision of care, as well as the caregiver’s own wellbeing. A secondary question dealt with the nature of retrospective ratings by caregiver informants. The sample consisted of triads of two adult children (N = 385) and a parent (N = 201) diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, although in a few instances only one adult child was interviewed. Both retrospective and current ratings of the parent were made by caregivers, who were administered a semantic differential instrument twice over a 10-month period. Comparison of ratings from first and second interview waves suggested that perceptions of what a parent was like, prior to the onset of dementia, were more stable over time than perceptions of what the parent was currently like, at each interview. Ratings of premorbid attributes were more strongly related to ratings of the present for those parents who displayed the least evidence of cognitive decline. Regression analyses supported the hypothesized relationship between adult children’s perceptions and both provision of care and well-being variables. Results have implications for projections of caregiver burden and for placement into long-term care.
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    The Relation Between Body Mass Index and Self-Rated Mental Health Among Older Adults: Do Racial/Ethnic Differences Exist?
    (Elsevier, 2014) Kim, Giyeon; Parmelee, Patricia; DeCoster, Jamie; Bryant, Ami N.; Chiriboga, David A.; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Virginia; University of South Florida
    Objectives: To examine racial and ethnic differences in the relation between body mass index (BMI) and self-rated mental health (SRMH) among community-dwelling older adults. Design: Cross-sectional analyses of nationally representative data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys. Setting: In-person household interviews. Participants: Older adults aged 60 and older (N = 2,017), including non-Hispanic white (N 547), black (N 814), Hispanic (N 401), and Asian (N 255) patients. Measurements: SRMH was measured with a single item, "How would you rate your own mental health?" BMI categories were underweight (<18.5 kg/m(2)), healthy weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (>30.0 kg/m(2)). Results: A two-way analysis of covariance showed that after controlling for covariates, there was a significant main effect of race/ethnicity on SRMH, but the main effect of BMI was not significant. A significant interaction between BMI and race/ethnicity on SRMH was also found. The linear contrasts showed that white adults had a significant trend showing that SRMH decreased with increases in BMI, whereas black adults had a significant trend showing that SRMH increased with increases in BMI. The linear trends for Hispanic and Asian adults were not significant. Conclusions: There were significant racial/ethnic differences in the relation between BMI and SRMH. Understanding the role of race/ethnicity as a moderator of the relation between BMI and mental health may help improve treatment for older adults with unhealthy weights. Clinical implications are also discussed.