Research and Publications - Department of Health Science

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Browsing Research and Publications - Department of Health Science by Author "Aguiar, Elroy J."

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    Cadence-based Classification of Minimally Moderate Intensity During Overground Walking in 21-to 40-Year-Old Adults
    (Human Kinetics, 2019) Aguiar, Elroy J.; Gould, Zachary R.; Ducharme, Scott W.; Moore, Chris C.; McCullough, Aston K.; Tudor-Locke, Catrine; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; University of Massachusetts Amherst; California State University Long Beach; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte
    Background: A walking cadence of >= 100 steps/min corresponds to minimally moderate intensity, absolutely defined as >= 3 metabolic equivalents (METs). This threshold has primarily been calibrated during treadmill walking. There is a need to determine the classification accuracy of this cadence threshold to predict intensity during overground walking. Methods: In this laboratory-based cross-sectional investigation, participants (N = 75, 49.3% women, age 21-40 y) performed a single 5-minute overground (hallway) walking trial at a self-selected preferred pace. Steps accumulated during each trial were hand tallied and converted to cadence (steps/min). Oxygen uptake was measured using indirect calorimetry and converted to METs. The classification accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, overall accuracy, and positive predictive value) of >= 100 steps/min to predict >= 3METs was calculated. Results: A cadence threshold of =100 steps/min yielded an overall accuracy (combined sensitivity and specificity) of 73.3% for predicting minimally moderate intensity. Moreover, for individuals walking at a cadence >= 100 steps/min, the probability (positive predictive value) of achieving minimally moderate intensity was 80.3%. Conclusions: Although primarily developed using treadmill-based protocols, a cadence threshold of >= 100 steps/min for young adults appears to be a valid heuristic value (evidence-based, rounded, practical) associated with minimally moderate intensity during overground walking performed at a self-selected preferred pace.
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    Mobility-related outcomes for periacetabular osteotomy in persons with acetabular dysplasia: setting the stage for measurement of real-world outcomes
    (Oxford University Press, 2022) Alrashdi, Naif Z.; Motl, Robert W.; Aguiar, Elroy J.; Ryan, Michael K.; Perumean-Chaney, Suzanne E.; Ithurburn, Matthew P.; University of Alabama Birmingham; Majmaah University; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
    Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgery for persons with symptomatic acetabular dysplasia (AD) that increases acetabular coverage of the femoral head for reducing hip pain and improving function. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are significantly improved following PAO, yet little is known regarding mobility-related outcomes. This narrative review provides a synthesis of evidence regarding PROs and mobility-related outcomes in persons with AD following PAO. We further identified important future research directions, chiefly the need for measurement of real-world outcomes. We searched PubMed using comprehensive predefined search terms. We included studies that (i) enrolled persons with AD undergoing PAO, (ii) included PROs and/or mobility-related outcomes and (iii) were written in English. We synthesized and summarized study characteristics and findings. Twenty-three studies were included in this review. Commonly evaluated PROs included pain (n = 14), hip function (n = 19) and quality of life (n = 9). Mobility-related outcomes included self-reported physical activity (PA; n = 11), walking speed and cadence (n = 4), device-measured PA (n = 2), and sit-to-stand, four-square-step and timed stair ascent tests (n = 1). Persons with AD had significant improvements in PROs following PAO, yet mobility-related outcomes (e.g. walking speed and device-measured PA levels) did not change over 1 year following PAO. Few studies have evaluated mobility-related outcomes following PAO, and these studies were of a low methodological quality. Future research might include experience sampling data collection approaches and body-worn devices as free-living, technology-driven methodologies to evaluate mobility and other outcomes in persons with AD undergoing PAO.
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    Toward Harmonized Treadmill-Based Validation of Step-Counting Wearable Technologies: A Scoping Review
    (Human Kinetics, 2020) Moore, Christopher C.; McCullough, Aston K.; Aguiar, Elroy J.; Ducharme, Scott W.; Tudor-Locke, Catrine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; California State University Long Beach; University of North Carolina Charlotte
    The authors conducted a scoping review as a first step toward establishing harmonized (ie, consistent and compatible), empirically based best practices for validating step-counting wearable technologies. Purpose: To catalog studies validating step-counting wearable technologies during treadmill ambulation. Methods: The authors searched PubMed and SPORTDiscus in August 2019 to identify treadmill-based validation studies that employed the criterion of directly observed (including video recorded) steps and cataloged study sample characteristics, protocol details, and analytical procedures. Where reported, speed- and wear location-specific mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values were tabulated. Weighted median MAPE values were calculated by wear location and a 0.2-m/s speed increment. Results: Seventy-seven eligible studies were identified: most had samples averaging 54% (SD = 5%) female and 27 (5) years of age, treadmill protocols consisting of 3 to 5 bouts at speeds of 0.8 (0.1) to 1.6 (0.2) m/s, and reported measures of bias. Eleven studies provided MAPE values at treadmill speeds of 1.1 to 1.8m/s; their weighted medianMAPE values were 7% to 11% for wrist-worn, 1% to 4% for waist-worn, and <= 1% for thigh-worn devices. Conclusions: Despite divergent study methodologies, the authors identified common practices and summarized MAPE values representing device step-count accuracy during treadmill walking. These initial empirical findings should be further refined to ultimately establish harmonized best practices for validating wearable technologies.